用前缀、词根、后缀记托福单词
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A

| a | 朝向

001 abandon []抛弃;放弃;离开

同义词

desert, forsake

abandon的前半段类似a band(一个团)。

To form a band, they abandoned a lot of things.(为了组成一个乐队,他们放弃了很多东西。)

The floods forced many dwellers to abandon their houses. 洪水迫使许多居民离开了家园。

002 abashed []感到窘迫的;尴尬的

同义词

disconcerted,

dismayed,

taken aback

读音类似a bath。想象一个人take a bath on the street(在街上洗澡),应该会感到abashed(尴尬)。

He looked abashed as he was unable to answer the question. 因为无法回答那个问题,他看起来很尴尬

| ab | 离开

003 abdicate []退位;放弃王位

同义词

renounce,

step down

ab- = away 离开 + dictate = say 说。这样记:退位就是说(say)再见,然后离开(away)。

Louis Philippe, the last French king, abdicated in 1848.法国末代国王路易菲力普在1848年退位

004 abolition []废除;消灭

同义词

cancellation,

elimination,

destruction,

termination

“What is abolition?” “Abolition is the formal ending of something such as a law or an institution. In brief, it is something about liberation.”请观察加底线的字母。

Both sides agreed to negotiate on the abolition of chemical weapons.双方同意协商销毁化学武器。

005 abridge []缩短

同义词

abbreviate,

condense

abridge中有bridge(桥)这个单词。想象桥是一种缩短距离的建筑。

Your unhealthy lifestyle will abridge your life.你那不健康的生活方式会你的寿命。

006 abrogate []取消;废除

同义词

cancel,

annul,

invalidate

读音类似 a broad gate(一扇宽广的大门)。想象某地方政府想花大钱盖一座宽广的城门,这个计划当然遭到中央政府反对,最后取消。

I will abrogate the agreement if I find it unlawful.如果我发现该协议不合法,我会把它废止

007 abstract []抽象的

同义词

theoretical,

notional

abs- = away 离开 + tract = draw 拉;抽。

Never begin a speech with abstract ideas.绝对不要用抽象的概念作为演讲的开场白。

| ac | 朝向

008 academic []学院的;大学的

同义词

erudite,

hypothetical

源自柏拉图讲学之处academia(阿卡迪米亚)。文艺复兴之后,academia开始指“学院”。

Our college has a good academic reputation.我们的学院有非常优良的学术声誉。

009 accede []答应;同意

同义词

acquiesce,

assent

利用 accelerate(加速;增长)的词形(加底线部分)来记忆 accede。把 accele中的 l 换成 d 就得到 accede。想象你为了让对方同意(accede)你的计划,加速(accelerate)进行准备工作。

The opposition won’t accede to the minister’s demands to increase taxes.反对党不会同意部长增税的要求。

010 accelerate []加速;增长

同义词

speed up,

advance

ac + celerate(词形类似celebrate庆祝)。

This car can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 6 seconds.这辆车能在六秒内从零加速到时速六十英里。

011 accolade []称赞;礼赞

同义词

honor, award,

tribute

读音类似a court lady(一个宫廷淑女)。

A court lady’s smile is the top accolade to a knight.(对于一个骑士而言,宫廷淑女的微笑就是最大的称赞。)

He thought that the Nobel Prize was the ultimate accolade.他认为诺贝尔奖是最高的礼赞

012 accord []①一致;调和 ②自愿

同义词

① conformity, harmony, unison

② volition

各位读者一定见过Honda Accord(本田雅阁)这种车吧。

He went to the front of his own accord.他自愿到前线去。

013 accumulate []累积;积聚

同义词

amass, gather,

hoard

源自cumulus(积云)。

I think I have accumulated enough evidence to show which factory caused the water pollution.我想我已经累积足够的证据,证实是哪个工厂造成水污染的。

014 acquiesce []默认;默许

同义词

accede, assent,

comply, consent

acquiesce的读音是不是类似a quiet yes(一个安静的同意)。所以我们就用a quiet yes来记忆acquiesce。

It seems that the principal has gradually acquiesced to our request.校长似乎已经逐渐默许我们的请求。

015 acquire [()]获得;取得

同义词

attain, obtain,

secure

ac- = to朝向 + quire = seek追求 →try to get something→ 获得。

He acquired a law degree in England.他在英国获得了一个法律学位。

| acrid | 辛辣的

016 acrimonious []刻薄的;激烈的

同义词

bitter, caustic,

rancorous

可以利用harmonious(和谐的)来记忆acrimonious。两者押尾韵,但意义相去甚远。

His acrimonious words angered the locals.他刻薄言论激怒了当地人。

| acute | 尖的

017 acumen []敏锐;聪明

同义词

ingenuity, insight,

shrewdness

acumen 源自 acute(尖锐的;剧烈的;严重的)。也可以用 a cute girl 来记忆 acute。

Though she is a cute girl, she often makes acute remarks.(虽然是可爱的女孩,但她常发表尖锐的言论。)

The senator showed his legal acumen in a recent hearing.在最近的一次听证会上,该参议员表现出他在法律上的精明干练

| ad | 朝向

018 adjacent []毗连的;邻接的

同义词

adjoining,

bordering

读音类似a Jason(一个叫杰生的人)。

A Jason lives in the adjacent room.(一个叫杰生的人住在相邻的房间。)

The scientist found that the cell wall between adjacent cells was degraded.科学家们发现,相邻细胞的细胞壁已经退化。

019 admonish []告诫;警告

同义词

reprimand,

chide, scold

谐音类似“我的妈”。我的妈常告诫我。

The teacher admonished the student about excessive noise.老师告诫这个学生太吵了。

| adularia | 恭维

020 adulation []谄媚;奉承

同义词

worship, flattery

adult成人 + relation关系。成人世界中的关系,不就是常常充满各种奉承与吹捧吗?

I think the rookie has received adulation, revered by one magazine as “perhaps the greatest pitcher of our age.”有一家杂志推崇这个菜鸟可能是“当代最伟大的投手”。我认为他受到过多吹捧

| ad | 朝向

021 advent []出现;到来

同义词

coming,

approach,

appearance

法语 venir 的意思就是 come。advent 的词源分析:ad- = to + vent (= venire = come) → 到来。也可以用 adventure(探险;冒险)来记忆 advent。

The advent of fast and inexpensive air travel changed America.便宜且快捷的航空旅游出现,改变了美国。

022 adversary []对手;敌人

同义词

opponent,

antagonist,

rival, foe

用anniversary(周年纪念)来记忆adversary。

Our adversaries threatened to stop us from celebrating the 10th anniversary of the peace pact.(我们的敌人威胁要让我们无法庆祝和平协议十周年纪念。)

It’s not easy for your adversary to prove that you are a great scholar. 你要让你的对手证实你是伟大的学者,这并不容易。

023 adversity []逆境;窘境

同义词

misfortune,

hardship,

affliction,

calamity, trial

用ad(广告) + university(大学)来记忆adversity。现在很多大学(university)都得用广告(ad)宣传,以便解决财务窘境(adversity)。

He is always able to turn adversity to his advantage.他总是能把不幸变成有利的条件。

| aisthētikos | 感觉

024 aesthetic []美学的;艺术的;优雅的美学;审美

同义词

artistic, exquisite

aesthetic 本指 things perceptible by the senses,后来引申为“美学的”,因为美感是一种心有所感的内心活动。从 aesthetic 这个单词,我们还可以得到 anaesthesia(麻醉;麻木)这个单词,即 absence of sensation(没有感觉)。

His work is a perfect mix of ancient charm and modern aesthetic.他的作品完美地融合了古代的魅力与现代的美学

| af | 朝向

025 affable []和蔼可亲的

同义词

amiable, cordial,

approachable

fable 是“寓言”,其词根 fari 有 speak 之意。affable 与 fable 有关:af- = ad- = to 朝向 + fable (= fari = speak) →easy to speak to → 容易亲近说话的 → 和蔼可亲的。

after + fable(之后+寓言)。想象某个人读完一篇寓言之后,变成一个和蔼可亲的人 →After reading the fable, he changed into an affable person.

My boss is an affable, approachable person. 我的老板是个和蔼可亲易亲近的人。

026 affluent []充足的;大量的;富裕的

同义词

prosperous,

opulent

af- = ad- = to 朝向 + fluent = flow 流动 →flowing freely → 大量的;充足的。

Fifth Avenue is one of the world’s most affluent streets.第五街是世界上最富裕的街道之一。

| ag | 朝向

027 aggravate []使恶化;使加重

同义词

worsen, inflame,

intensify

ag- = ad- = to 朝向 + grav = heavy 重的 → to make heavier; to make worse → 使恶化;使加重。

These incidents are likely to seriously aggravate the situation.这些事件很可能使情况更加恶化

028 aggregate []聚集

同义词

accumulate,

amass

读音类似a great gate(一扇富丽堂皇的大门)。想象某个百货公司有扇富丽堂皇的大门(a great gate)。这扇大门成了约会时的地标,大家总是聚集在那里。

The newspaper expands its Tech section by aggregating content from other sites.这家报纸从其他网站收集内容,以便扩展科技版面。

029 aggressive []侵略的;侵犯的

同义词

hostile,

belligerent

谐音“饿鬼型”。饿鬼型的人总是有侵略性。

Mr. Guo is considered an ambitious and aggressive person.郭先生被认为是个很有雄心且有干劲的人。

| a | 不

030 agnostic []不可知论者

同义词

unbeliever,

doubter

a- = not 不 + gnostic = know 知道 →not know → 不可知论者。请观察 gnostic 和 know 在构词上的近似程度:g = k(两者在发音时,只是有声与无声的差别,发音位置则相同),n = n,o = o。

My mother is an agnostic, while my father is a devout Christian.我妈妈是个不可知论者,但我爸爸是个虔诚的基督教徒。

| agon | 竞赛

031 agony []极度痛苦;苦恼

同义词

suffering,

anguish,

torment

谐音“爱过你”。爱过你让人苦恼。

The victim lying in agony on the ground, his trousers soaked with blood.受害者躺在地上非常痛苦,他的裤子上全是血。

| alacr | 轻快的

032 alacrity []活泼;敏捷;轻快;欣然同意

同义词

eagerness,

readiness,

promptness

把alacrity(轻快)和celebrity(名人)一起记忆,这两个单词押尾韵。想到要去采访名人(celebrity),你轻快地就答应接下工作(accept the job with alacrity)。

I accepted his offer with alacrity.我欣然接受他的邀约。

033 algae []海藻

同义词

seaweed

algae的读音类似LG(韩国的品牌)。你可以想象打开一个LG冰箱,发现里面塞满海藻(algae)。

Most of the pipes were blocked with marine algae.大部分的水管被海藻堵塞了。

| ali | 滋养

034 alimony []赡养费

同义词

support,

sustenance

谐音“爱了莫离”。爱了莫离婚,要离婚就得付出alimony(赡养费)。

Most of his salary went in alimony to his ex-wife.他大部分的薪水都给了前妻当作赡养费

| al | 外、朝向、加强

035 allege []宣称;(无充分证据而)断言

同义词

claim, affirm,

declare

用alligator(鳄鱼)来记忆allege。想象新闻报道宣称水沟里有鳄鱼。

It was alleged that he had resigned from the board.人们宣称他已经辞掉董事会的职位。

036 alloy []合金

同义词

mixture, blend,

compound

alloy与ally(同盟)形近,其实也是同源词。ally是人的结盟,而alloy是不同金属的结盟。

The handlebar is made of an alloy of copper and zinc.这个把手是以铜和锌的合金制成的。

037 allude []暗示;间接提到

同义词

insinuate,

intimate, imply

利用allure来记忆allude,把r换成d。请见allure条目。

The anchorman alluded vaguely to the prime minister’s resignation.新闻主播含糊地提到首相的辞职。

038 allure [()]引诱;诱惑

同义词

attract, captivate,

entice

allure的词形类似“all + your”。

All the troops are at your command.如果“全部军队均由你自由支配”,这是不是一个很大的诱惑(allure)?

Paris is one of the most alluring cities in the world.巴黎是世界上最吸引人的城市之一。

| altru | 其他人的

039 altruistic []利他的

同义词

benevolent,

charitable,

philanthropic

源自 other(其他,常为其他人着想,就是利他的)。此外, alternative(其他选择;二择一)也是源自 other。

His motives were not entirely altruistic. There were some economic concerns.他的动机不见得全然利他,也有一些商业考量在内。

| amalgam | 混合物

040 amalgamate []混合;合并

同义词

merge, unite,

integrate, blend,

mingle,

intermingle

a + mal(mall购物中心)+ gam(game游戏)+ ate(吃)→想象很多商店,合并成一个购物中心(a mall),里面可以玩游戏(game),也可以大吃(ate)大喝。

The local newspaper afterwards amalgamated with a worldwide journal.这家本地报纸后来和一家世界性的日报合并

| ambi | 二

041 ambidextrous []双手灵巧的

同义词

dextrous

ambi- = two二 + dextrous右手的 → having manual skill灵活的 → 双手灵巧的。

Most of us are either right-handed or left-handed. Very few people are ambidextrous.我们大多数人不是善用右手就是善用左手。很少有人是双手灵巧的

042 ambiguous []含糊不清的

同义词

equivocal,

ambivalent,

cryptic, obscure,

vague

ambi- = two二 + agree = drive驱动 →go round → 含糊不清的。

The minister’s statement is ambiguous and open to various interpretations.部长的声明含糊不清,可以有各种解释。

043 ambivalent []有矛盾情绪的

同义词

equivocal,

vacillating

ambi- = two二 + valere力量 = strong, value价值 → 两种同等分量的价值 → 有矛盾情绪的。

Many people have an ambivalent attitude toward television.很多人对于电视有一种矛盾的态度。

| ambler | 走

044 amble []缓行;从容漫步

同义词

stroll, saunter

谐音“安步当车”,所以就是缓行。amble的词根有walk(走)之意,像ambulance(救护车)也是同源词(救护车就是走动的医院或是野战医院)。

After breakfast, the old couple ambled down to the park.早餐后,这对老夫妇慢慢走到公园去。

| amelior | 更好的

045 ameliorate []改善;减缓

同义词

alleviate

ameliorate源自meliorate(改善)。ameliorate的读音类似a millimeter(一毫米)。想象工程师改善(ameliorate)作业流程,即使一毫米(a millimeter)的误差也要消除。

You should at least look for methods to ameliorate the effect of the stress.你至少该找些方法去缓和压力的影响。

| a | 无

046 amend []修订;修改

同义词

alter, mend,

modify

利用amen(阿门,源自希伯来语,意思是“诚心所愿”)来记忆amend。你可以想象某个宪法修正案(amendment)通过之后,相关的人员诚心祷告,在祷告结束时,当然会说一声阿门(amen)。

I prefer the original version of the Act to the amended one.我喜欢原来的法案胜于这个修正案。

| ami | 爱

047 amicable []友善的;友好的

同义词

courteous,

harmonious

源自拉丁语amicus(朋友)。请见amity条目。

The talks between the two superpowers were amicable and productive.两个超级大国的对话很友善且很有收获。

048 amity []友好关系;亲善

同义词

peace, friendship

拉丁语的amicus是friend,西班牙语的amigo指friend,法语的ami也是friend。所以我们应该不难猜出amity的词义。

Such a policy will endanger the feeling of amity.这样的政策将危害友好的关系

| amnēsia | 遗忘

049 amnesia []健忘(症状)

同义词

forgetfulness

想象一个印度尼西亚人说“I am from Indonesia.”后来他得了健忘症,只能讲出“I am... nesia”,其他都忘光了。

After years of amnesia, his novels are now fully appreciated by critics and readers.经过多年遭人遗忘,他的小说现在备受评论家与读者的欣赏。

| ana | 否定

050 anachronism []过时的人或事物;时代错误

anachronism 与 chronicle(历史;编年史)为同源词。两者均源自拉丁语chronica。

There are some anachronisms in the novel. For example, the missile is placed in the 19th century.在这本小说中有一些时代错置。例如,导弹出现在19世纪。

051 analysis []分析;解析

同义词

dissection,

inquiry,

examination

ana- = back 回 + lysis = loosen 松开 → 再解开 → 分析。

谐音“我拿了试试”。

They have colleted enough samples for analysis.他们已经收集足够的样本来进行分析

| an | 否定

052 anarchy []无政府状态

同义词

disorder, chaos

谐音“俺若去”。历史上有许多眷恋权力的上位者,总是占着权位不放,他们心里老想着“俺若去了,国家就会成为无政府状态。”

It is impossible to establish democracy amid anarchy.在无政府状态下,不可能建立民主。

053 anesthesia []麻醉;麻木

同义词

absence of sensation

也可拼成anaesthesia。词源分析请见aesthetic条目。

For such procedures, some surgeons prefer total anaesthesia.对于这类的手术,有些医生比较喜欢用全身麻醉

| animus | 心

054 animus []敌意;恶意

同义词

enmity, animosity

音 分辨 animus(恶意,即 evil spirit)与 anima(生命;灵魂;精神,即 spirit)。

句 To my surprise, the young man has an animus against rock and roll.这个年轻人对于摇滚乐带有仇视真是让我惊讶

| annus |

055 annals []年鉴;年报;编年史

同义词

chronicle, history

形 我们可以用journals来记忆annals,也可以用人名Anna来记忆annals。

助 Anna’s article was published in the annals.(安娜的文章刊登在年鉴上。)

Babe Ruth has become a legend in the annals of baseball.贝比•鲁斯已经成为棒球上的传奇。

| an | 朝向

056 annex []附加;增添;合并;吞并

同义词

appropriate,

occupy

音 读音类似an X(一个X)。你可以想象希特勒在吞并一个国家前,会先在那个国家的地图上打一个X(an X),然后高喊“Let’s annex Austria!”(我们吞并奥地利吧!)

句 Germany annexed Austria in 1938.德国在1938吞并奥地利

057annihilate []歼灭;毁灭

同义词

destroy,

eradicate,

exterminate

源自拉丁语的nihil = nil = nothing无。

The terrorists have enough weapons to annihilate the region.恐怖分子有足够的武器毁灭这个地区。

| anni | 年

058 anniversary []周年纪念;周年纪念日

同义词

commemoration

记忆提示请见adversary条目。

Our school is celebrating its fiftieth anniversary this year.我们学校今年正在庆祝五十周年纪念

| a | 否定

059 anomaly []不规则;反常

同义词

incongruity,

deviation,

aberration

anomaly 中加底线的部分很像 normal(正常的)。我们就利用这一点来记忆anomaly。这样记:一件事物如果是 anomaly,就是 not normal。

In the Middle East, a woman taxi driver is still an anomaly.在中东地区,女性出租车司机仍然是一种反常现象

| antho | 像花般

060 anthology []文选;选集;诗选

同义词

collection,

compendium

antho- = flower 花 + -logy = subject 学;论 → collection of literary “flowers” → 文学选集(花)。

This anthology collects short stories by 20 novelists.这本文选收录了二十位小说家的短篇故事。

| ante | 先

061 anticipate []预期;预料;期望

同义词

expect, await

把anticipate和participate(参加)一起记忆。

Officials anticipate that three thousand people will participate in the ceremony.(官方预期会有三千人参加典礼。)

I have no reason to doubt the CEO’s ability to anticipate and manage risks.我没有理由怀疑首席执行官预期风险以及处理风险的能力。

| anti | 反

062 antipathy []反感;厌恶

同义词

hostility, aversion

谐音“烟蒂不熄”。这个人烟蒂不熄,真令人反感。antipathy与sympathy(同情)为同源词。

He holds some sort of antipathy toward conservative Christians.他对于保守派基督徒有一点反感

063 antithesis []对立;对立面;对照

同义词

opposite,

contrast,

reverse

anti- = against 反 + thesis = proposition 主题 → 相反的命题 → 对立。thesis 的意思是“论点;命题;论文”。

Compassion is the antithesis of hatred.怜悯是仇恨的对照

| a | 无

064 apathy []无感情

同义词

indifference,

nonchalance

apathy 和 sympathy(同情)是同源词。apathy 的词源解析:a- = without 无 + pathos = feeling → without feeling → 无感情。a- = without 和 im- = not 这两个前缀应加以区分,如 amoral 指“非关乎道德的”,而 immoral 则是指“不道德的”。

There is widespread public apathy against the police.大众对于警方普遍表现冷淡

| apex | 顶

065 apex []顶点

同义词

peak, summit

ape(黑猩猩) + x(未知数)。想象一只黑猩猩有办法解X未知数,可算是黑猩猩演化的顶点吧。

With six golden medals won at the Olympic Games, he was at the apex of his career.他在奥运会上赢得六枚金牌,登上职业生涯的

| ap | 朝向

066 appraise []估计;估价

同义词

estimate,

evaluate

praise(赞美)这个词源自 price(价格;价值),所以 appraise 有“估价”之意。

A company is reported to have devised a way to appraise everything—even the junk in your basement.据说有一家公司设计出一种方法,能够估价任何东西甚至地下室的废物都可以。

067 apprehend []①理解 ②逮捕

同义词

① comprehend, grasp

② arrest, capture

读一下 apprehend,其中 prehend 的读音很像 prison(监狱)。的确,prehend 在词源上有“监狱”之意,也有“捉住”之意。apprehend 的词源解析:ap- = ad- = to 朝向 + prehend = seize 捉住 → 去捉 → 逮捕;理解(捉住人就是逮捕,而捉住一个观念,就是理解)。

Police have not yet apprehended the suspect.警方尚未逮捕该嫌疑犯。

| apprentice | 教

068 apprise []通知;通告

同义词

notify

apprise 与 apprentice(学徒)为同源词,请观察两者词形接近。学徒的工作就是 learn(学习;知悉),而 apprise 的意思就是让某个人 learn of something(知悉)。

The board was fully apprised of the details of the contract.董事会被告知合约的细节。

| ap | 朝向

069 approbation []认可;核准

同义词

approval,

confirmation

approbation 源自 probation(试用期;缓刑)这个单词。请观察 probation 和 prove(证明)在构词上的近似(b 和 v 均属唇齿音)。所谓试用期,就是证实某个人有办法胜任某项工作,而缓刑就是证实某个人已经改过自新,均与 prove 有关。

I won’t be happy without your approbation.没有你的认可,我高兴不起来。

| apt | 联系

070 apt []①有……倾向的 ②适当的;恰当的

同义词

① inclined, liable

② suitable, appropriate

一定知道 aptitude test 吧,就是能力倾向测试。apt 与 aptitude(倾向;习性)为同源词。

This type of weather is apt to be more common in summer.这种天气在夏天出现。

| arbiter | 裁判

071 arbiter [()]仲裁者

同义词

mediator,

arbitrator,

umpire

arbiter 的读音类似“ You are better.”

The arbiter said, “You are better.” (仲裁者说:“你比较不错。”)

The Supreme Court will be the final arbiter in the dispute.最高法院将会是这项争议的最后仲裁者

| arche | 主要的

072 archetype []原型;典型

同义词

prototype,

paradigm

arche- = greatest, leading主要的 + type = model模型 → 最重要的模型 → 原型。

His successful story is one of the archetypes of the American dream.他发迹的故事是美国梦的原型之一。

| ardor | 燃烧

073 ardor [()]激情;狂热

同义词

passion, fervor

ardor读音类似other。

Others’ ardor touched me, and I volunteered for the army too.(其他人的热情让我感动,所以我也志愿从军。)

My son’s ardor for baseball has cooled.我儿子对于棒球的热情已经冷却。

| arere | 干

074 arid []干旱的;不毛的

同义词

desert,

dehydrated

把arid的字母重组可以得到raid(袭击)。我们可以想象一个地区经过空袭(air raid)之后,成为不毛之地(arid region)。

These cactuses usually grow in semi-arid deserts.这些仙人掌通常生长在半沙漠地区。

| aristos | 最好的

075 aristocracy []贵族;贵族统治

同义词

gentry, nobility

aristo = best最佳 + cracy = rule统治 → 国家由最优秀的人来统治。我们可以利用Aristotle(亚里士多德)的名字来联想aristo 这个词根,如Aristotle is the best.

The play is about the money aristocracy in New York. 这部戏是有关于纽约的富裕贵族

| arm | 武器

076 armistice []休战;停战

同义词

truce, ceasefire

armi = arms武器 + stice = stand still静止 → 武器不动 → 休战。

As an armistice was concluded, all the citizens were overjoyed.停火协定已经缔结,全体国民都非常高兴。

| ar | 朝向

077 arrogance []傲慢;自大

同义词

conceit, insolence

谐音“爱露敢死”。

I am fed up with the arrogance of those in power.我对于那些在位者的自大感到厌烦。

| art | 排列

078 artful []狡猾的;狡诈的;巧妙的

同义词

cunning, crafty,

sly

源自 art(计谋;诡计)。

The agora is an artful blend of traditional charm and modern technology.这个广场巧妙结合了传统魅力与现代科技。

079 articulate []发音清晰的;可听懂的 清晰地发音;清楚地讲话

同义词

ⓐ clear, lucid

ⓥ express, enunciate

我们把和 art(艺术)相关的单词整理一遍。art 源自 ar-,意思是“put things together, join, fit”。把事物放置在最恰当的位置 → art(艺术);把每个文字连接在一起 →article(文章);身体骨骼连接的部分生病了 → arthritis(关节炎);把文字分成小节,清晰地讲出来 → articulate(清晰地发音)。

He struggled to articulate his thoughts in a television interview.在一场电视访谈中,他努力地表达他的想法。

080 artifice []奸计;诡计;巧妙办法

同义词

trick, device,

tactic

源自 art(计谋;诡计)。

They got the contract with a great deal of cunning and artifice.他们用尽心机和诡计获得这份合约。

081 artery []动脉;(铁路、公路的)干线

同义词

tube, route

利用art来记忆artery。你可以想象精心绘制的铁路或公路干线图,就像是艺术(art)般。

The street is one of the south-bound arteries of the city.这条街道是这个城市往南的重要干线之一。

| as | 朝向

082 ascend []上升;登上

同义词

mount

descend(下来;下降)为 ascend 的反义词。

He ascended the spiral path leading to hilltop.他沿着蜿蜒的小路爬上山顶。

083 ascertain []查明;弄清

同义词

confirm, establish

as- = toward朝向 + certain 确认 → 去确认 → 查明。

Police ascertained that there were at least two killers.警方已经查明至少有两个凶手。

084 ascetic []禁欲的;苦行的

同义词

austere,

self-denying,

frugal

谐音“我睡地窖”。我睡觉都睡在地窖里,这样够苦修了吧。

He began to lead a devout and ascetic life.他开始过着虔诚苦修的生活。

085 askance []怀疑地(词源不详)

同义词

suspiciously,

sideways

用ask for a dance(请求跳一曲舞)来记忆askance。想象你向一位女士邀请跳舞(ask for a dance),结果她充满怀疑,斜眼看着你(look askance at you)。

The villagers looked askance at the stranger.这些村民怀疑地看着这个陌生人。

086 aspire [()]渴望

同义词

desire,

set one’s heart on

Acer电脑的Aspire系列当然令人渴望。

I aspired to get an Aspire as my birthday present.(我渴望得到一台宏碁的Aspire系列电脑作为生日礼物。)

All of us aspired to go to the concert. 我们都向往去那场音乐会。

087 assail []攻击;袭击

同义词

attack, assault

as当 + sail航行。

As our ship was going to sail homeward, the pirates began to assail us.(当我们的船要返航时,海盗开始袭击我们。)

These unfriendly newspapers assailed the government every day.这些不友善的报纸每天都在攻击政府。

088 assess []评价;评定;估算

同义词

appraise,

estimate,

evaluate

我有两头驴,一头是好驴ass,另一头是长得差了一点的ess,你倒是帮我估计(assess)一下这两头驴加起来(ass + ess)值多少钱。

We asked some experts to assess the impact of the explosion of the refinery.我们请一些专家评估这个炼油厂爆炸的影响。

089 asset []财产;资产

同义词

property, estate,

funds

asset的读音(重音在第一音节)类似essay(散文)。我们都知道蒙田的《散文集》影响人类深远,他的散文作品是全人类珍贵的资产。

Montaigne’s work of essays is an invaluable asset to human beings.

His leadership qualities are the greatest asset of our company. 他的领导能力是本公司最大的资产

090 asseverate []郑重声明;断言

同义词

declare

as- = ad- = to朝向+ severus = severe严肃的 → 严肃的倾向 → 郑重声明。

Let me asseverate that I’ll greatly appreciate your help.我郑重声明,我会非常感激你们的协助。

091 assiduous []勤勉的

同义词

diligent,

industrious

assiduous的词形类似assistant(助理)。

as- = ad- = to 朝向+ sid = sit坐 → 坐着认真工作、学习 → 勤勉的。

My assistant is an assiduous worker.(我的助理是一个勤勉的员工。)

The sister is assiduous in visiting the poor, however remote their homes are.不论穷人的家有多遥远,这位修女仍是兢兢业业去拜访他们。

092 assimilate []消化(食物);吸收(知识);同化

同义词

absorb,

incorporate

as- = ad- = to朝向 + similate = similar类似的 → 使之变成类似的 → 同化。

America has assimilated people from different countries.美国吸收来自不同国家的人。

093 assuage []缓和;减轻

同义词

lessen

谐音“遏止危机”。遏止危机就是使之缓和。

To assuage his guilt, he donated large sums to charity.为了减轻自己的内疚,他捐出了大笔金钱给慈善机构。

| astro | 星、天体、宇宙

094 astronaut []宇航员

同义词

spaceman

与astrology(占星术)为同源词,两个单词均有astro词根,意思是star(星星)。

The two astronauts will spend three months in space.这两个宇航员将会在太空待三个月。

| asulon | 避难处

095 asylum []①避难;庇护所 ②精神病院

同义词

① refuge, retreat, haven

② institution

asylum的读音类似a silent place。想象一个精神病院,是一个安静死寂的地方。

The asylum is a silent place.

She never recovered and lived out her days in an asylum. 她未曾恢复,余生就在精神病院渡过。

| a | 否定

096 atheist []无神论者

同义词

nonbeliever,

pagan

theology(神学)是我们较熟悉的单词,其中的 the 词根意思是 god。atheist 的词源分析:a- = without 无 + theos = the god 神 + -ist 人 → 无神论者。

He doesn’t believe that there is God. That is, he is an atheist.他不相信有上帝。也就是说,他是个无神论者

| atrophia | 食物缺乏

097 atrophy []萎缩;虚脱

同义词

deterioration

a 一个 + trophy 奖杯;纪念品;战利品。想象某个运动员用一只萎缩的手举起一座奖杯(这也不是不可能,如美国职业棒球大联盟就曾经有独臂的投手)。

He experienced serious muscle atrophy after he went into a coma.他陷入昏迷之后,肌肉严重萎缩

| at | 朝向

098 attenuate []使减弱;使降低效力

同义词

reduce, weaken,

dilute

attenuate的词形与attention(注意)相近。

We should pay close attention to how to attenuate risk.(我们应专注于如何降低风险。)

Preparation helps to attenuate risk.准备有助于降低风险。

099 attribute []把……归因于……;认为……是……所为

同义词

ascribe

与contribute(捐献)为同源词。

The novelist attributed his success to hard work and luck.这位小说家把自己的成功归因于努力与运气。

| audac | 勇敢

100 audacious []大胆的;无畏的

同义词

daring, bold,

intrepid

audacious的读音类似Odysseus(奥德修斯)。Odysseus是荷马史诗中《奥德赛》(Odyssey)中的主角。他可以说是人类文学中最知名的旅行者,最聪明无畏的冒险家。

They just put forward an audacious plan to build an airport on the ocean.他们刚刚提出一个大胆的计划,要在海上建一个机场。

| audi | 听

101 audible []可听见的;听得见的

同义词

discernible,

perceptible

与 audience(听众;观众)为同源词。

He was weak and his voice was just only audible.他很虚弱,声音只是勉强听得见

| aug | 增加

102 augment []扩大;增加 增加

同义词

ⓥ expand, enlarge

ⓝ increase

augment和auction(拍卖)为同源词。augment源自augere这个词根,意为increase(增加)。在拍卖(auction)时,价格持续增加。

The mayor is looking for money from businesses to augment city funds.市长正在从企业界寻找资金,来增加本市的财源。

| avis | 鸟

103 auspicious []吉兆的;吉利的;顺利的

同义词

favorable,

felicitous

au, av = bird鸟 + -spicious = look看 → 观察鸟的飞行模式或内脏来判断吉凶 → 吉兆的。

The audience’s applause signified the rookie had an auspicious start.观众的掌声意味着这个新人有了一个顺利开始。

| austerus | 严厉的

104 austere [()]严厉的;严格的;简朴的

同义词

stern, severe,

strict

austere的读音类似“Oh, still”。

Oh, still an austere person.(噢,仍然是个很严厉的人。)

His father is a cold, austere man.他的父亲是一个冷酷严峻的人。

| autheikos | 真的

105 authentic []可信的;真实的

同义词

genuine,

bona fide

利用author(作者)这个单词来记忆authentic。

I have an authentic New York Yankees uniform.我有一件真正的纽约洋基队队服。

| auto | 自己

106 autocracy []专制;独裁;独裁制度

同义词

dictatorship,

tyranny

autocracy和democracy(民主)的差别就在于auto-词根的意思是“自己”,而demo-词根的意思是“人民”。

This democratic government soon leaned toward autocracy.这个民主政府很快就转向独裁了。

| avarus | 贪婪

107 avarice []贪婪;贪欲

同义词

greed,

covetousness

利用all the available rice(所有可以买得到的米)来记忆avarice。想象一个商人,由于贪婪(avarice)作祟,把所有可以买得到的米(all the available rice)通通搜刮一空,想大捞一笔。

The film is about human avarice and the abuse of power.这部电影是有关于人类的贪婪与权力的滥用。

| a | 加强

108 aver [()]断言;坚称

同义词

state, declare

如果有人给了一个很明确的答案(a very definite answer,请观察加底线的字母),那么就是一种“断言”。此外,我们也可以从 very 这个单词来记忆 aver。very 意为“非常的;十足的;正是”,所以可知 very 与 true(真实)有关。至于 aver 也是 very 的同源词。

He averred that he had never been to the town before.他斩钉截铁地说以前从未到过这个城镇。

| ab | 离开

109 avert []避开;移开;避免

同义词

prevent, avoid

在英语中,描述山势险峻,可以用 a vertiginous mountain 来形容“一座令人眩晕的山”。我们就利用这个名词短语来记忆 avert。想象某个人在旅途中,避开一座险峻的山(to avert a vertiginous mountain,请观察加底线的字母)。

They did their best to avert a strike.他们尽可能避免罢工发生。

| a | 在

110 awry []歪;斜;扭

同义词

askew, obliquely

awry的读音类似all right(好啦)。

All right, all right, I know the line is awry.(好啦,好啦,我知道线歪了。)

It was sad to see our carefully laid plan go awry.看到我们精心拟定的计划出错,是很悲伤的。

核心

words

选词填空练习

以下每个单元各有八个句子。请从下列八个选项中选出最适合者填入空格之中,使句意完整。每个选项只能用一次。

1

(A) accede

(B) abandon

(C) accelerates

(D) abdicates

(E) abrogate

(F) abashed

(G) abstract

(H) academic

1. If you    an idea or way of thinking, you stop having that idea or thinking in that way.

2. If the rate of something   , it becomes faster and faster.

3. If a king   , he gives up the position of being king.

4. If you    to a demand, you agree to it.

5.    is used to describe things related to education, especially at university level.

6.    ideas are based on theories rather than concrete examples.

7. To    a law is to put an end to it.

8. If you are   , you feel embarrassed usually because you have done something stupid.

2

(A) accolade

(B) acumen

(C) adjacent

(D) admonish

(E) accord

(F) accumulate

(G) adulation

(H) acquire

1. If you are given an   , something is done to show how much people admire you.

2. If you do something of your own   , you do it without being forced.

3. If you    things, you collect or gather them for a period of time.

4. If you    something, you gain or get it as your own.

5. To    someone is to tell them severely that they have done something wrong.

6. If a book receives   , it receives praise and admiration that is more than it really deserves.

7. If one thing is    to another, they are next to each other.

8. Business    is a concept pertaining to a person’s ability to make profitable business decisions.

3

(A) adversity

(B) affable

(C) aggregate

(D) aesthetic

(E) affluent

(F) aggravate

(G) aggressive

(H) advent

1. The    of an important event is the coming of it.

2.    is used to talk about beauty or art.

3. If people are   , they behave in an angry, threatening way.

4. If you    things, you put different items or amounts together into a single group.

5. If you are   , you have a lot of money, great houses, expensive things etc.

6.    is a very difficult situation.

7. If people are   , they are friendly and easy to talk to.

8. If you    a situation, you make it worse.

4

(A) agony

(B) allude

(C) alacrity

(D) allege

(E) altruistic

(F) alimony

(G) alloy

(H) algae

1.    is great physical or mental pain.

2.    is a type of plant with no leaves that grows in water.

3. If you    that something is true, you say it but do not prove it.

4. If you    to something, you mention it indirectly.

5.    behavior shows that you show concern for other people rather than for yourself.

6.    means quickness and eagerness.

7.    is money that a court orders someone to pay regularly to their former wife or husband.

8. An    is a metal that consists of two or more types of metals mixed together.

5

(A) amicable

(B) ambivalent

(C) ambiguous

(D) ameliorate

(E) amble

(F) amend

(G) amnesia

(H) ambidextrous

1. People who are    can use either hand equally skillfully.

2. If you are    about something, you are not sure whether you want or like it or not.

3. If you    a situation, you make it better or less harmful.

4. An    relationship is one in which people feel friendly toward each other.

5. If you are suffering from   , you have lost your memory.

6. An    message is one that is unclear and confusing.

7. When you   , you walk slowly in a relaxed way.

8. To    a law is to correct or make small changes to it.

6

(A) anesthesia

(B) anthology

(C) anomaly

(D) annihilate

(E) anarchy

(F) animus

(G) annexes

(H) analysis

1.    is the process of considering something carefully in order to understand it.

2.    is the state of being unable to feel pain.

3. To    something is to destroy it completely.

4. An    is something that is different from what is usual or normal.

5. If you describe a situation as   , there is no effective government in a country.

6.    is a strong feeling of anger or hatred.

7. If a country    another country, it seizes it and controls it, especially by using force.

8. An    is a collection of writings by different people collected together in one book.

7

(A) apprehend

(B) apprised

(C) approbation

(D) apex

(E) antipathy

(F) apathy

(G) appraise

(H) anticipate

1. If you    an event, you realize in advance that it will happen.

2. The    of something is the top or highest part of it.

3. To    someone is to catch them and arrest them.

4.    is official praise or approval.

5.    is a feeling of strong dislike toward someone or something.

6.    is the feeling of not being interested in something, and not willing to make any effort to change things.

7. To    something is to judge how valuable it is.

8. If you are    of something, you are notified of it.

8

(A) arbiter

(B) archetype

(C) arrogance

(D) aristocracy

(E) arid

(F) armistice

(G) articulate

(H) ardor

1. An    is someone that settles an argument between two opposing sides.

2.    is an intense feeling of love or enthusiasm.

3. The    are the people in the highest social class.

4.    is the behavior of a person who behaves in a rude way because they think they are very important.

5. If you    something, you express it very clearly.

6. An    is a perfect example of something.

7. An    land is very dry because it has very little rain.

8. An    is an agreement between two countries to stop fighting.

9

(A) ascertain

(B) assets

(C) assails

(D) artery

(E) assess

(F) aspire

(G) ascetic

(H) ascend

1. An    is one of the tubes that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

2. If you    a hill, you go up it.

3. If you    the truth about something, you find out what it is.

4. The    of a company are all the things that it owns.

5. When you    something, you make a judgment about something after thinking carefully about it.

6. If someone    you, they attack or criticize you.

7. If you    to something, you have a strong desire to achieve it.

8. If you lead an    life, you live without any physical pleasures or comforts, especially for religious reasons.

10

(A) assuage

(B) astronaut

(C) audacious

(D) assimilated

(E) asylum

(F) atrophy

(G) attenuate

(H) assiduous

1. When people are   , they work very hard and take great care that everything is done as well as it can be.

2. If you    an unpleasant feeling that someone has, you make them feel it less strongly.

3. If people are    into a group, they become part of that group and are accepted by the people in that group.

4. An    is a person who travels and works in a spacecraft.

5.    people take risks and show great courage.

6. To    something is to weaken it.

7.    is the wasting away of the body from lack of nourishment.

8.    is protection given to someone by a government usually because they have escaped from political trouble in their own country.

11

(A) authentic

(B) augment

(C) austere

(D) auspicious

(E) autocracy

(F) avert

(G) aver

(H) audible

1. A sound that is    is loud enough to be heard.

2. An    is a country or organization that is ruled by one person.

3. An    object or emotion is real.

4. To    something is to make it larger or stronger.

5. To    something unpleasant is to prevent it from happening.

6. Something that is    indicates that something is likely to be successful.

7. An    person is strict and serious.

8. If you    something is the case, you state firmly and strongly that something is true.