![图解温疫论](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/581/24284581/b_24284581.jpg)
《温疫论》中的常用中草药
中药是中医学的一个重要研究对象,也是中医治疗疾病的基本武器。中药分为植物、动物、矿物等几种类型。《温疫论》自古就被称为用药的典范,其中大多数是植物性药材。《温疫论》中的方剂有汤剂、丸剂、散剂、栓剂、软膏剂、酒剂等十几种类型,它们的基本组成元素就是这些中药。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0001.jpg?sign=1739544695-RUbgkuiq4rhnq3GwwzScFoxKXGxOZnkf-0-85fbd9e07c71b713d9949f44440ffe31)
槟榔 味苦辛,性温,能下气、消食、除瘴、祛痰等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0002.jpg?sign=1739544695-3Zzemzqqi6EezwpmpbNUmFOS4li7Rhdr-0-ddaca2cbb3f6364e4405d5064326119f)
厚朴 主治食积气滞,发热燥扰,咳逆喘满,气滞不调等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0003.jpg?sign=1739544695-P56AQN73dGiUeSOf4d0TPaQFBMyuEDQx-0-dcd0069145e8e4f616061941cc02fdeb)
半夏 辛散有毒,能行水湿,降逆气,止呕吐,祛脾胃湿痰。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0004.jpg?sign=1739544695-k8CNEMnuqa5Zxw2r7iVfeeOWFSNpeGHy-0-b0ebc4b5074ea9bacea4460ef8655f88)
藿香 味辛,性微温。用于脘痞呕吐,暑湿倦怠,寒湿闭暑,腹痛吐泻等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0005.jpg?sign=1739544695-sGldXzypLX4mvyYsU2wiCuDSLS3anEza-0-ed83f260a3ca80248c031b4bbb9e1d9b)
柴胡 和解表里,疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,胸胁胀痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0006.jpg?sign=1739544695-85H2hhlhKLotWMATQpNtvIufqq1VqE5O-0-dd0f8061bf80f3e783801ef0524e2eca)
芍药 是有名的花卉,入药有散瘀、活血、泻肝火之效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0007.jpg?sign=1739544695-c4Sek9mHsoPHKQeEi3MTa9l9FhmnTwHq-0-401bd8b075d6f8484136c95f1b7e2bcc)
赤小豆 利水消种,解毒排脓。用于水肿胀满、脚气浮肿等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0008.jpg?sign=1739544695-xTF6zufNSd8yy2UooCeh3jIcAQPQlsV4-0-f6fa99d536ec8983555436732969845d)
葱白根 就是用于调味的葱,归肺胃经。能发表通阳,解毒杀虫。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0009.jpg?sign=1739544695-GqfgrVccHCjTU0Rinbt0VJXEIfN07vcW-0-ee9c546cf4fbe0f95d657ff422ec4059)
大黄 主治实热便秘,积滞腹痛,水火烫伤,上消化道出血等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0010.jpg?sign=1739544695-MxwA6vm97zlsurWqtGxeuPUYjbaGwqD7-0-6c9fe035efd81627b4433cb7804061f7)
大枣 味甘、性平,入脾、胃经。能补益脾胃,滋养阴血。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0011.jpg?sign=1739544695-bC3yokSUaFSJIOelsByHJCvEr3fAfOGm-0-77d44d6588b50b079e4b9b8267284f1f)
当归 补血活血,调经止痛。主治血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0012.jpg?sign=1739544695-44ZTD5HkLZ0ICXePqWuL8wBMYg3FMFU9-0-efd6466b09c6e5499e330646b835b027)
地黄 清热生津,凉血养阴。用于热风伤阴,阴虚内热等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0013.jpg?sign=1739544695-4QRH7NH6VnaGH2DNQjkjtq3YsAu6z8Ec-0-4d21772a74ad8bd038cb33ca4bc20488)
杜仲 补肝肾,强筋骨,用于腰脊酸疼,肢体痿弱等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0014.jpg?sign=1739544695-SocNbVRWtnz0sfZtT3q8GReZgRdcsvaP-0-5e1c68933693f2483c0b2cd5074a7a2e)
茯苓 利水渗湿,健脾宁心。用于水肿尿少,心神不安等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0015.jpg?sign=1739544695-ty1Yernx7JyrGIkTT6INdwuYj6FFmNHy-0-1d974b3dd953c482087f5ad607426936)
附子 补火助阳,逐风寒湿邪。用于亡阳虚脱,肢冷脉微等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0016.jpg?sign=1739544695-k8WgSBZNqeufaoMUeVUEuzsz44mdwDoI-0-9120ab5592a8f617fd784aa3a24c87ae)
甘草 性平,味甘,有解毒、祛痰等功效,应用范围极广。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0017.jpg?sign=1739544695-Ljq0L3G5VCtn67e3s98P9zmwVZWI6jID-0-5e2bbae51f364641d241b2440276e19e)
甘遂 用于水肿胀满,胸腹积水,痰饮积聚,二更不利等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0018.jpg?sign=1739544695-VhKW3Ij0azoXyFyir4UWAslIVtOMDl81-0-10fcfea31130790d043bf6ff87f32e59)
枸杞 滋补肝肾,益精明目。用于虚劳精亏,腰膝酸痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0019.jpg?sign=1739544695-vwo28RCmqABvzkDcpEkaYntPqBfWBQiq-0-ac5f7942d7c1a2f4bf1c2b1a324687fc)
何首乌 解毒,消痈,润肠通便。用于瘰疠疮痈,风疹瘙痒等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0020.jpg?sign=1739544695-3laW1YvM5vYqo6ZU3r5PosZv647oT8xR-0-0a19a4f654a564b16ab82696e1dfb150)
莲子 味甘、涩,性平。用于心烦失眠,男子遗精,妇人赤白带下等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0021.jpg?sign=1739544695-NpbvS8ECryAWA6vU1uzwNt1pofVeBUX8-0-57a9dcb610849575e4dedd88b2fd135e)
黄连 清热燥湿,泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满,呕吐吞酸等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0022.jpg?sign=1739544695-6pWUm3xVkYU9jwO2hQUHLBF2mvtoFprF-0-3a8e613d45f5d586683a675c6a529ebc)
黄芩 清热燥湿,泻火解毒。用于胸闷呕恶,肺热咳嗽等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0023.jpg?sign=1739544695-ULaygvVqz0ktXV4XlcekpjGImUlbeHEy-0-a8f4ce684f2b594454e269e63cb22402)
粳米 就是平时吃的主食大米,性平和,能养胃气。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0024.jpg?sign=1739544695-AmeTKAOhf7pba1LV3cWzLrrvPuhTqfU9-0-c49b0e0cf3183e559a15a3f76e4b92fe)
桔梗 宣肺,祛痰,利咽。用于咳嗽痰多,痢疾腹痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0001.jpg?sign=1739544695-3rW2MakvEgsCsy2Jlb72TzhTBGZ6i0wr-0-fe8a2f4e6d33cc3955e5b40d6c3c472e)
麻黄 发汗散寒,宣肺平喘。用于风水浮肿,风寒感冒等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0002.jpg?sign=1739544695-nDciUvHTd5yXuQap5u9fIEPdfGw6hmVo-0-77f74a1505fcda1c0306a5c479399ab6)
麦门冬 性微寒,味甘,微苦。用于肺燥干咳,虚劳烦热等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0003.jpg?sign=1739544695-xjz874VHiBTPMHYqu19Z6K2mjqHWq6sM-0-1309ab0f89e6acab64e0638e27e8f905)
秦皮 味苦涩,性寒。用于热痢,赤白带下,目赤肿痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0004.jpg?sign=1739544695-sCaFTNwXLOUv9aUUOGHKDkAo1AVQuLtF-0-5ba5d4d243720d45354074e0a116b66d)
人参 大补元气,补脾益肺,生津安神。能治疗多种疾病。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0005.jpg?sign=1739544695-P9lwNioauWpv3A9w8DtsmS2I4PP15QDT-0-e0ef92a5384ea8169e970e2b22ee8439)
葶苈子 味辛,性大寒。用于喘咳痰多、胸胁胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0006.jpg?sign=1739544695-Qgpq3YzEbclZQc2GClqGftZj1rkAiBvQ-0-155869df28a7d3a1c4825bb3360a2f51)
通草 味甘、淡,性微寒。主治湿温尿赤、淋病涩痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0007.jpg?sign=1739544695-vqbDNJxNBiaSUYJCIZFU0IcXZcnd0kA0-0-25b220c755c4e72c562dfc20b6f79da6)
萎蕤 主治眼红涩痛,眼见黑花,红痛昏暗,发热口干等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0008.jpg?sign=1739544695-T5KT50aRRBgsa56oncoyRFOsBojxaFnl-0-852270efcd0b8fd4826c3183d96c555e)
细辛 味辛,性温。能温经散寒,主治风寒头痛、痰饮咳喘等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0009.jpg?sign=1739544695-vyMWxSdo2Dv5mx2nwXuIaovHZZ2oUnSu-0-8bc1fe9f5892521de29a0da49ef4c8a8)
山药 是有名的食物。具有健脾补肺、益胃补肾等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0010.jpg?sign=1739544695-1kWuNDrvmIqlGskKSYEAOZuFJwT1l5kY-0-268b56a1fae80c7597ad4265920ba163)
商陆 味苦,性寒。可通二便,泻水,主治水肿,胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0011.jpg?sign=1739544695-wFxsoWGPBcxtt3bUeTIk6CMHFyjcAGvr-0-821a76bce20aa2747285777901149b78)
百合 味甘、微苦,性微寒。主治心阴亏虚,虚烦口渴,潮热盗汗等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0012.jpg?sign=1739544695-l3zL7hNJ9GTEmyMMECzasWexgmqmnv0Y-0-a6490dc35c9dfceee9b3a00ca5cd4278)
生姜 一种辛辣的调味品,具有发汗解表,温中止呕等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0013.jpg?sign=1739544695-iFyTkjoJFILXsUQsOFl5seryfCcVCUEt-0-e0314a9c60dd5ba83297c12c7658ce2a)
杏仁 主治外感咳嗽,伤燥咳嗽,食滞脘痛,湿热,疥疮等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0014.jpg?sign=1739544695-T75vuWWZihTzLxHwuJUemjQ7PRPrFmfO-0-9e2f0e9cf706d06782a655c2deaef3d3)
旋覆花 味甘。具有消痰,下气,软坚,行水之功效,主治咳喘等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0015.jpg?sign=1739544695-7QULfVFX8V4KqlHaPshxoLV89CgL9Lk0-0-210ed9c17efbe72cf80a4f0897d4c7b3)
芫花 味苦,性寒。能泻水逐饮,解毒杀虫。用于水肿胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0016.jpg?sign=1739544695-TwpeLNBS5AmT5HMsjJhUCiaaj4rVXCKh-0-20638a4fa7f0418d3ae6791ec9e62a44)
泽泻 味甘,性寒。归肾、膀胱经。有利小便,清湿热等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0017.jpg?sign=1739544695-UiEb8Iy9VB2dst8ld6sedOgK00y5oyg8-0-49df10b805ccfbd4018ef5af41958c35)
蜀椒 用于水气肿满,眼生黑花,元气伤损,腹内虚冷等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0018.jpg?sign=1739544695-attbJsikVa4WcNquI7P96aSBXC9ubxvM-0-17642e7b016667b43c2b53f010f793bf)
蜀漆 味辛,性平,有毒。是治疗疟疾的有效药物。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0019.jpg?sign=1739544695-o4JucPQGjTNr7Eq6ZPLsGxh9KD3Asgc1-0-2b6a11848ba40ae59aad65cefdcbe756)
桃仁 味苦、甘,性平。用于经闭,痛经,跌打损伤等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0020.jpg?sign=1739544695-3AK30Tm2YtGjUQkZZt22i1oSbTr5iPEQ-0-126aef4044c8912a80451bdc60b7e12e)
天门冬 性寒,味甘,微苦。具有养阴清热,润肺滋肾之效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0021.jpg?sign=1739544695-7vYypFSmZuECg3rZF9aZBQh3DnZPNSo4-0-ba46f02901101881217be3fe99b13c72)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0022.jpg?sign=1739544695-HZPVRC3v0PRIlRnlaK29fBQfSUDb3PnD-0-dd937417039cb37e6264f5509ce2a305)
栀子 味苦,性寒。具有护肝利胆、降压镇静、止血消肿等作用。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0023.jpg?sign=1739544695-tAo8tv5Uyzuq0LqrQzScdwUql1g0b1KC-0-d4ca8f170b8b71d270a76d095ce4b8bd)
枳实 酸橙的幼果,具有破气消积之功效,用于积滞内停等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0024.jpg?sign=1739544695-P16R6Q1GDOydd7D8vyW2qgm5KeHI2y8p-0-7e03b512dcfc5925762ca273ebe656cf)
知母 清热泻火,生津润燥。用于高热烦渴,肺热燥咳等。
竹叶 淡竹的叶子,具有观赏价值。可清心利尿,清热除烦等。